习近平总书记在参加十四届全国人大二次会议江苏代表团审议时强调，要牢牢把握高质量发展这个首要任务，因地制宜发展新质生产力。The report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that education, science and technology, and human resources are the basic and strategic support for comprehensively building a modern socialist country。We must adhere to the principle that science and technology are the primary productive forces, talent is the primary resource, and innovation is the primary driving force. We must fully implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country through talent, and the strategy of innovation-driven development, open up new areas and new tracks for development, and constantly create new drivers and advantages for development。Entering the new era, we must use the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education to boost the development of new quality productive forces and take solid steps to promote high-quality development。

The strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education from the perspective of the development process of productive forces

  Reviewing the history of the development of the productive forces of human society, we can find that before the middle of the 18th century, the technical basis of the productive forces was more experience, human beings were in the manual operation stage, factories or production lines were the schools of labor reproduction, and the dependence of the development of productive forces on science and technology and education was not obvious。From the middle of the 18th century to the middle of the 20th century, the technical basis of productivity was machines, natural resources, capital and science and technology became the driving source of social production, and the content of science and technology increased significantly。After the middle of the 20th century, computers and the Internet were created and gradually penetrated into social production and life, and the role of science and technology on productivity has become more prominent。At present, the development of social productive forces is entering a new stage in which scientific and technological innovation plays a leading role. Human society is gradually getting rid of the traditional mode of economic growth and the development path of productive forces. The development of productive forces is increasingly characterized by high technology, high efficiency and high quality。General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that，"New quality productivity" is spawned by revolutionary technological breakthroughs, innovative allocation of production factors, and deep industrial transformation and upgrading，The basic connotation is the leap of workers, labor materials, labor objects and their optimal combinations，With a substantial increase in total factor productivity as the core symbol，Characterized by innovation，The key is quality，The essence is advanced productivity."。

  As a new direction for the development of contemporary social productive forces, the development speed of new quality productive forces has far exceeded the original productive forces since its emergence. While greatly improving labor productivity, new social demands have been spawned and the overall supply capacity of contemporary society has been enhanced。With emerging industrial organizations as the carrier, new quality productivity shows new connotation and characteristics in constituent elements, internal combinations, and overall functions, which requires continuous investment and deep participation of high-quality talents, innovative technology, advanced equipment and other resources of the whole society。It is precisely because of the advent of the era of knowledge economy, the form of social productive forces has undergone major changes, and the era has higher requirements for education, science and technology, innovation and other elements, and the huge potential of science and technology and education to rejuvenate the country is more prominent, and the great significance of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education is also more worthy of attention。

The strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education from the factors of productive forces

  Productivity economics believes that modern productivity system mainly includes four basic elements: first, load type or entity type of productivity elements, that is, labor, labor object and labor means。This is the most fundamental element of a productive system，It is the material bearer of the existence and function of other factors;second，Permeability or adhesion productivity factors，It mainly refers to modern technology，Does not exist in a physical way，Must be attached to or infiltrated into solid type elements;third，Media productivity factors，That is, the transmission of technology must be attached to a certain medium，It mainly refers to modern education;Number four，Operational factors of productivity，It mainly refers to modern management。In other words, under the modern social environment and conditions, science and technology and education have essentially become very important components of productive forces。

  Due to the popularization of information technology, the contemporary society has rapidly entered the information society, and knowledge economy has become the latest economic form。In the era of information society and knowledge economy, science and technology are the primary productive forces, and scientific and technological knowledge can be inherited and innovated when it enters the education system, while knowledge blending and imprinting in the education system can stimulate the educated to carry out a new round of scientific and technological knowledge production, forming a virtuous circle。The report of the Party's 20th National Congress will "education, science and technology, talents" as a whole, and a special chapter，From the policy level, it expresses a deep understanding of the internal logical relationship of the three: science and technology is an important driving force for today's economic and social development and national modernization，Talent is the core element and main body of scientific and technological development and innovation activities，The cultivation of talents is inseparable from education，因此，Education has become an important basis for modernization。For China today, education, science and technology, and human resources are the basic and strategic support for comprehensively building a modern socialist country。Thus, the scientific nature of rejuvenating the country through science and education as a national strategy has been highlighted。

The development of new quality productive forces requires continuous strengthening of talent support

  With the in-depth development of information society and knowledge economy, scientific and technological productivity has developed rapidly。At present, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered a critical period, and the world has ushered in major changes unseen in a century. This has brought unprecedented opportunities and challenges to the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, and also called for grand and unique practical innovation。Since the reform and opening up，Especially since the 18th CPC National Congress，China's scientific and technological strength has been improved qualitatively，New historic achievements were made in scientific and technological innovation，The fundamental reason lies in the strong leadership of the Party，It lies in the superiority of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics，It lies in the continuous deepening and improvement of the reform of the scientific and technological system，Truly reflects "science and technology is the first productive force, talent is the first resource, innovation is the first driving force"，It highlights the main position of talents in advanced productive forces。This has become an important prerequisite for further promoting the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education。

  Based on this，At present, it is particularly necessary to do the following two aspects of work: First，We will further remove institutional obstacles that hinder the improvement of scientific and technological innovation capacity through deepening reform，Fully stimulate the enthusiasm of various subjects to actively participate in scientific and technological innovation;secondly，Through the expansion of opening up, China will be more closely linked with other countries in science and technology，Make global scientific and technological resources have stronger openness and faster mobility。In essence, it is necessary to fully upgrade the modernization level of the national governance system and governance capacity, improve the environment for scientific and technological innovation, strive to create an innovative country, and explore theoretical and practical innovation paths with Chinese characteristics。

  The in-depth implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education has provided solid soil for the development of new quality productive forces。Accelerating the development of new quality productive forces puts forward new requirements for continuously promoting the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education。Specifically include: first, help to form a new type of production relations in line with the new quality of productivity。Marxism holds that the productive forces determine the relations of production, the relations of production react on the productive forces, and the contradictions between the productive forces and the relations of production, between the economic base and the superstructure, are the basic contradictions of all societies。Therefore, the relations of production must adapt to the requirements of the development of productive forces。In order to meet the needs of the development of new quality productivity, production relations should put more emphasis on collaboration, sharing, flexibility, and inclusiveness。From the strategic perspective of rejuvenating the country through science and education，We must pay more attention to the supporting role of science and technology, education and human resources，We will deepen the connectivity and integration of industries, science and technology and education，This requires us to develop according to the new trend of science and technology，We will optimize the subject setting and personnel training model of colleges and universities，In order to develop new quality productive forces and promote high-quality development, we need to train talents，Strive to achieve the organic linkage between the education system, scientific and technological strength, personnel training, industrial structure and national strategy，To promote the establishment and implementation of major scientific research projects of national strategic significance，We will continue to improve the layout of emerging industries with new quality and productivity as the core。Secondly, we should further promote institutional innovation and accelerate the formation of an institutional system that meets the requirements of the development of new quality productive forces。It is necessary to focus on innovation and speed up the formation of a new system that conforms to the characteristics and laws of innovation, which requires us to further smooth the virtuous cycle between education, science and technology and talents, and build a three-in-one policy system, in particular, improve the relevant mechanisms for personnel training, introduction, use and reasonable flow。We will deepen the comprehensive reform of higher education，Especially the reform of the educational evaluation system，Get rid of the bottlenecks that hinder the development of new quality productive forces，Encourage investment in research，Protect intellectual property rights，We will improve the mechanism for transforming scientific research results，Establish and improve the innovation incentive mechanism，We will create an atmosphere that encourages innovation and tolerates failure，It fully embodies the important value of knowledge, technology and talents in developing new quality productive forces。Third, we need to build a new type of international cooperation。We will open wider to the outside world at a high level, and strengthen international cooperation in science, technology and education with the important support of universities and research institutes。

  总之，We will implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and strengthen human resources for modernization，It is a key focus and strong driving force to promote the development of new quality productivity，We will deepen the coordinated development of education, science and technology, and human resources，It will certainly paint a vivid and magnificent picture of reform practice for the process of Chinese-style modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation。

  （作者：张学文、刘益东，分别系北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心特约研究员、新华文摘杂志社编审；国家教育行政学院高校管理教研部副研究员）

(From Modern Higher Vocational and Technical Education Network, information source: China Education Daily, April 9, 2024)